How to cite
Step-by-step guides for citing websites, books, journal articles, PDFs, videos, podcasts, social media, AI tools, lectures, and other sources.
- APA Format Example: Sample Paper, Title Page & References A complete APA 7 format example with title page, headings, in-text citations, and a sample references list with worked entries.
- APA Title Page: Student & Professional Format (7th ed.) How to build an APA title page in APA 7 student or professional format: every required element, exact spacing, the running head, and a worked layout for each.
- How to Cite a Blog Post in MLA & APA: Formats + Examples (2026) Cite a blog post in MLA 9 and APA 7 with copy-ready templates, real examples, in-text citations, and fixes for no-author posts and comments. Free generator.
- How to Cite a Book in MLA, APA, Chicago, and Four More Styles How to cite books in MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard, Vancouver, IEEE, and AMA, with examples for editions, chapters, e-books, translations, and no author.
- How to Cite a Dictionary or Encyclopedia in MLA & APA (Examples) Cite a dictionary or encyclopedia entry in MLA 9 and APA 7 with copy-ready Merriam-Webster and Britannica examples, plus correct in-text citations.
- How to Cite a Government Website or Report: MLA & APA Examples Cite government websites, agency reports, and congressional documents in MLA 9 and APA 7: templates for agency authors, no-date pages, and hearings.
- How to Cite a Journal Article in 7 Styles How to cite journal articles in MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard, Vancouver, IEEE, and AMA, including DOIs, preprints, retractions, and online-only articles.
- How to Cite a Lecture or PowerPoint in MLA, APA & 5 More Styles Cite a lecture, PowerPoint slides, or class notes in MLA 9 and APA 7: official templates, Canvas/Zoom examples, in-text citations, and a free generator.
- How to Cite a Movie or Film in MLA, APA & Chicago How to cite a movie in MLA, APA, and Chicago — director, studio, and year, with streaming-vs-physical rules and one correct worked example per style.
- How to Cite a Newspaper Article in MLA and APA (Online & Print) Cite a newspaper article in MLA 9 and APA 7 with official templates and examples for print, online, no-author, and database articles, plus in-text forms.
- How to Cite a Painting in MLA & APA: Museum vs. Online (Examples) Cite a painting or artwork in MLA 9 and APA 7: copy-ready templates for museum and online viewing, untitled and undated works, and in-text citations.
- How to Cite a PDF in MLA, APA, Chicago & 4 More Styles How to cite PDFs in MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard, Vancouver, IEEE, and AMA, with examples for reports, white papers, scans, and login-only files.
- How to Cite a Podcast in MLA, APA & Chicago How to cite podcast episodes in MLA, APA, and Chicago, including host roles, episode titles, show names, dates, URLs, and worked examples.
- How to Cite a Poem in MLA & APA: Line Numbers, Quotes & Examples Cite a poem in MLA and APA: works cited and reference examples, in-text citations with line numbers, block quotes, anthologies, and poems found online.
- How to Cite a Quote in MLA, APA & Chicago How to cite a quote in MLA, APA, and Chicago: short quotes vs. block quotes, the length thresholds for each style, and where the page number and punctuation go.
- How to Cite a Song or Album in MLA & APA | Spotify, CD & Vinyl Cite a song or album in MLA 9 and APA 7: Spotify and streaming, CD, and vinyl. Copy-ready templates, real examples, in-text citations, and lyrics rules.
- How to Cite a TED Talk in MLA & APA: Formats, Speeches & Examples Cite a TED Talk or speech in MLA 9 and APA 7: works-cited and reference templates, examples, in-text citations with timestamps, plus TEDx and YouTube tips.
- How to Cite a Thesis or Dissertation in MLA & APA (With Examples) Cite a thesis or dissertation in MLA 9 and APA 7 — published (ProQuest) or unpublished — with copy-ready templates, official examples, and in-text citations.
- How to Cite a TikTok Video in MLA, APA, and Five More Styles Cite a TikTok video in MLA 9 and APA 7 with official templates, real examples, and in-text citations, plus fixes for missing dates, captions, and handles.
- How to Cite a TV Show or Netflix Episode in MLA & APA (Examples) Cite a TV show or Netflix episode in MLA 9 and APA 7: copy-ready templates, real examples, in-text citations, and streaming edge cases. Free generator.
- How to Cite a Tweet (X Post) in MLA, APA, and 5 More Styles Cite a tweet or X post in MLA 9 and APA 7 with official templates, examples, and in-text citations, plus deleted posts, threads, hashtags, and the X rename.
- How to Cite a Website in MLA, APA, Chicago, and Four More Styles How to cite websites in MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard, Vancouver, IEEE, and AMA, including no author, no date, social posts, and archived pages.
- How to Cite a Wikipedia Article in MLA, APA, and 5 More Styles Cite a Wikipedia article in MLA 9 and APA 7: official templates, permanent links, in-text citations, no-author rules, and one article in all seven styles.
- How to Cite a YouTube Video in MLA, APA, Chicago & 4 More Styles How to cite YouTube videos in MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard, Vancouver, IEEE, and AMA, with examples for timestamps, channels, removed videos, and dates.
- How to Cite an Image in MLA, APA & Chicago How to cite images in MLA, APA, and Chicago, including museum works, online photos, book figures, captions, and worked source-list entries.
- How to Cite an Instagram Post or Reel in MLA & APA | Examples See exactly how to cite an Instagram post, Reel, Story, or profile in MLA 9 and APA 7 — official templates, real examples, and in-text citations.
- How to Cite an Interview in MLA, APA, Chicago & 4 More Styles How to cite interviews in MLA, APA, Chicago, Harvard, Vancouver, IEEE, and AMA, including personal, podcast, broadcast, email, and published interviews.
- How to Cite ChatGPT and AI in MLA, APA, and Five More Styles Cite ChatGPT and generative AI in MLA 9 and APA 7 with the official 2025 templates: prompt-as-title Works Cited entries, in-text citations, and examples.
- How to Cite the Bible in MLA & APA: Version, Chapter & Verse Rules Cite the Bible in MLA 9 and APA 7: works cited and reference examples, in-text chapter and verse rules (MLA periods vs APA colons), plus Quran and Torah tips.
- How to Make a Works Cited Page (MLA): Format & Examples Build an MLA Works Cited page with alphabetical order, half-inch hanging indents, double spacing, headings, and a worked example list.
- MLA Format Example: Sample Paper, Heading & Works Cited A complete MLA format example: the first-page heading, running header, margins and font specs, in-text citations, and a sample MLA 9 Works Cited page.
- MLA Heading, Header & Title Page: First-Page Format Format an MLA heading, running header, title, first page, and optional title page with clear student-paper examples.